Thermocouples are rugged temperature sensors widely used in industrial process control to measure high temperatures reliably and accurately. They function based on the Seebeck effect, generating voltage proportional to temperature differences between two dissimilar metal junctions. Available in types such as K, J, T, and E, thermocouples handle temperatures from cryogenic to extreme furnace conditions. Industrial applications include furnaces, ovens, reactors, and exhaust systems in chemical processing, metallurgy, pharmaceuticals, food production, and energy sectors. Their durable construction ensures reliable performance in harsh environments with corrosive atmospheres, vibrations, and pressures. Compatibility with standardized industrial systems enables straightforward integration and accurate process monitoring and control.